Lesson 28: Why / How / LU Cluster
How to Use This Lesson
This lesson is divided into five sections. Please move through them in this order: Warm-Up, Grammar, Vocabulary, Practice, Flashcards.
Do not try to memorize! Just read through the content attentively. We will have plenty of exercises and reviews later!
How much do you remember?
Check the boxes for words you think you know. Then click Show Answers to reveal the meanings.
Why / How
Let's learn how to ask more types of questions! First, why, which is ceora.
ceora? = ce (what) + ora (idea) for questions = why?
caora = ca (what) + ora (idea) for affirmatives = why/because/reason
For example:
Ceora run i dapas e nim?
Why do you like me?
I ilianum e caora mai i dapas.
I don't know why, but I do.
We also have how, which is cenon.
cenon? = ce (what) + non (way) for questions = how?
canon = ca (what) + non (way) for affirmatives = how
For example:
Cenon run i anvu en bedam perien?
How are you going to the plaza on Sunday?
En beitan dou en beivu.
On the bus or on the bike.
I anidai canon run i anye e hoi.
I like how you do this.
Lastly, we can create other questions by combining other words:
cecoter? = ce (what) + coter (number) = how many?
cegaori? = ce (what) + gaoleo (price) = how much / what price?
When we answer a question about quantity, we can reply a specific number, or just say mir. Mir means many, that's why we have words like yamirli = old. We can also use mir to indicate plural, like mir falfal = children.
To sum up:
ceora? = ce (what) + ora (idea) = why?
cenon? = ce (what) + non (way) = how?
cecoter? = ce (what) + coter (number) = how many?
cegaori? = ca (what) + gaoleo (price) = how much / what price?
mir = many, plural
Now try to create a sentence using these new question words, or 3 if you're up for a challenge!
LU CLUSTER
Today we will learn our next cluster, LU!
| Oravia | English |
|---|---|
| lufiva | cold |
| luyar | light |
| lupupi | rain |
| luval | snow |
| lufu | wind |
| lunhem | summer |
| lusari | sun |
| luhue | mist |
| lumbo | cloud |
What do you think the LU cluster is about?
These words can also be adjectives and verbs, for example:
| Oravia | English |
|---|---|
| lufiva | cold, to cool |
| luyar | light, to illuminate, bright |
| lupupi | rain, rainy |
| luval | snow, snowy |
| lufu | wind, windy |
| lusari | sun, sunny |
| luhue | mist, misty |
| lumbo | cloud, cloudy |
Recognize the Roots
Take another look at luyar and lupupi. Do you recognize any roots you've learned before?
🌍 Sound Connections
Lufu comes from German Luft (air).
Sari comes from Sanskrit सूर्य sūrya (sun); Hindi सूरज sūraj (sun).
Yun is like Mandarin 云 yún (cloud, mist).
Here are some other words with these roots:
aslufu = breath (bodily actions + air), just like lufu = wind
Ce lu en litam? Ce lu en litamar?
Matching Games
Time to practice! Match the Oravia words with their English meanings. Use sound-meaning associations as clues. For example, the subcluster sound tells you the category, even for words you haven't seen before.
If you don't remember or make a mistake, that's totally fine! We will have plenty of opportunities to practice. Right now just give it a try.
Click one word from each column to match them. The game will check automatically when you select both words.
Round 1
Round 2
Round 3
Round 4
🎉 Lesson 28 Complete!
Come back tomorrow for Lesson 29.