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Lesson 18: CA Connectors

How to Use This Lesson

This lesson is divided into five sections. Please move through them in this order: Warm-Up, Grammar, Vocabulary, Practice, Flashcards.

Do not try to memorize! Just read through the content attentively. We will have plenty of exercises and reviews later!

How much do you remember?

Check the boxes for words you think you know. Then click Show Answers to reveal the meanings.

Before our lesson, let's watch this 1-minute video to practice some of what we've learned in context!

CA Connectors

Today we will learn how to make more complex sentences! We already know how to make sentences like this: 

nim i dai i mo  = I like to eat
But what if we want to say I like that you eat?

In this case, we have two mini-sentences, each with its own verb:

nim i anidai = I like 
run i mo = You eat

We just need something to connect them. Enters ca! Ca means that/which.

nim i anidai ca run i mo = I like that you eat

Notice that we can change the order of the mini-sentences. As with other markers and connectors, it goes before what it introduces. In this case, ca introduces the complement of the verb like (that you eat):

a nim i anidai ca run i mo = ca run i mo a nim i anidai

Ca is for affirmatives like ce is for questions. So we have:

cedom = ce + dom = where?
cadom = ca + dom = where
cei = ce + ei = who?
caei = ca + ei = who

For example: 

cedom run i anvu? = where are you going?
i dai i ilian cadom run i anvu = I want to know where you are going


cei i bortal en bo? = who is entering the house?
i pas caei i bortal en bo = I like who is entering the house

Now try to create a sentence using ca, or 3 if you're up for a challenge!

LI SUBCLUSTER

Remember what LI indicated?

Click to check

LI = time.

Let's take a deeper look at the LI Cluster. Look at the list of words below.

Oravia English
lili again
litam day
limel evening
liyar morning
lipardas month
ligo half
linu until
liperi week
lidastor year
lilon while
litetan hour
litegai minute

One more example is litemi = second (time).

What do litegai, litetan, and litemi have in common?

There's something else here. We actually have:

lite + gai = clock time + small = minute
lite + tan = clock time + big = hour

Have you noticed anything else in the list of words? Do we have more recognizable syllables there?

Take a look at these words:

litam 
lipardas 
liperi 
lidastor

Can you see what they mean?

litam = li + tam (1) = day
lipardas = li + pardas (30) = month
liperi = li + peri (7) = week
lidastor = li + dastor (12) = year

Recognize the Roots

Take another look at litetan and litegai. Do you recognize any roots you've learned before?

🌍 Sound Connections

Go means "half", coming from Japanese δΊ” go (five, half of ten).

Nu means "limit", like Greek Ξ½Ο… nu (particle marking limits in ancient poetry).

Matching Games

Time to practice! Match the Oravia words with their English meanings. Use sound-meaning associations as clues. For example, the subcluster sound tells you the category, even for words you haven't seen before.
If you don't remember or make a mistake, that's totally fine! We will have plenty of opportunities to practice. Right now just give it a try.
Click one word from each column to match them. The game will check automatically when you select both words.

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

πŸŽ‰ Lesson 18 Complete!

Come back tomorrow for Lesson 19.