Lesson 34: Conditionals
How to Use This Lesson
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Do not try to memorize! Just read through the content attentively. We will have plenty of exercises and reviews later!
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Check the boxes for words you think you know. Then click Show Answers to reveal the meanings and uncheck any you got wrong.
Conditionals
Today we will learn how to use conditionals! That is, the English if. In Oravia, there are two types of conditionals. The first one is for imagined and counterfactual situations. That is, things considered in an alternative world. For that, we use ilicei, which means imagine:
This means the speaker is not tall in reality.Ilicei a hay a yuba, nim i dairan e hay.
Imagine: he is good, I like him. / If he were good, I would like him.
You can express counterfactuals about past situations too. For example:
This would be translated to English as: If I had gone, I would not have lost the luggage. Notice that we skip a lot of complicated verb forms just by using ilicei!
The second type of conditional is for ordinary if, then reasoning. We use this to state simple truths and causal relations. For that, we use daehun, which means assume, suppose:
Daehun nim i apanou e moria, (eta) a moria i apanou.
Assume: I drop the apple, (then) the apple falls. / If I drop the apple, it falls.
The second type is also common in scientific and philosophical discussions. It makes no affirmation of whether something is true, but asks you to consider the hypothesis and its consequences.
To sum up:
Now try to create 3 sentences using ilicei and daehun:
MI SUBCLUSTER
Today, let's take a deeper look at the MI cluster!
| Oravia | English |
|---|---|
| miau | cat |
| micuc | chicken |
| miwo | dog |
| mihie | horse |
| mibeh | goat |
| micea | rabbit |
| mimu | cow |
| mius | pig |
| mime | sheep |
| miogar | bear |
| mioici | monkey |
| miotan | elephant |
| miopi | fox |
| miohou | wolf |
What do you think the MIO subcluster is about? What do the MIO words have in common that separates them from the other MI words?
These words also have extended meanings based on cross-linguistic associations! For example:
| Oravia | English |
|---|---|
| miau | cat, graceful |
| micuc | chicken, coward |
| miwo | dog |
| mihie | horse, endurance, stamina |
| mibeh | goat, stubborn |
| micea | rabbit, skittish |
| mimu | cow, docile |
| mius | pig, gluttonous |
| mime | sheep, conformist, follow |
| miogar | bear, strong |
| mioici | monkey, mischievous |
| miotan | elephant, good memory, remember |
| miopi | fox, cunning |
| miohou | wolf, predatory |
Ce a mi a anodu dairan u run?
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You are ready for the exercise now!
Matching Games
Time to practice! Match the Oravia words with their English meanings.
If you don't remember or make a mistake, that's totally fine! We will have plenty of opportunities to practice. Right now just give it a try.
Click one word from each column to match them. The game will check automatically when you select both words.
Round 1
Round 2
Round 3
Round 4
Round 5
Round 6
Round 7
Matching Games
Time to practice! Match the Oravia words with their English meanings.
If you don't remember or make a mistake, that's totally fine! We will have plenty of opportunities to practice. Right now just give it a try.
Click one word from each column to match them. The game will check automatically when you select both words.
After completing the Exercises and Review, try it again to see how much you've improved.
Round 1
Round 2
Round 3
Round 4
Round 5
Round 6
Round 7
Round 8
Round 9
Round 10
Round 11
Round 12
Round 13
Review Missed Words
This section shows words you got wrong during practice, and words you didn't know in the Warm-Up. If you didn't miss any, this will be empty - great job! 🎉