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Lesson 4: Negation & Gender

How to Use This Lesson

Every lesson is divided into four sections: Grammar, Vocabulary, Exercise, and Review. Please move through these tabs in order.

Do not try to memorize! Just read through the content attentively. We will have plenty of exercises and reviews later!

Negative

If kid is falen, we know how to say things like "the kid eats" and "the kid drinks". But how do you say the kid doesn't eat something?

It's very easy, just add um at the end of the verb! For example,

falen i mo -> falen i moum

How would you say the kid doesn't drink?

Can you create a few more sentences using -um?

Gender

All words in Oravia are gender neutral by default (includes all genders). But we have exceptions:

Oravia English
faejal man
faejor woman

We use the FAE (gender) subcluster to specify gender, if we want to. If you add faejor (woman) or faejal (man) in front of a word, you modify it. 

faejor fame = mother
 ↓      ↓                     
woman parent

More easily, you can also add jor (woman) or jal (man) at the end of the word! 

farejal = father
 ↓     ↓                     
parent man
Unmarked words already include all genders. For explicit nonbinary, you can use torum.

Now take a look at these words from the FA cluster.

Oravia English
faibor spouse
fare parent
fano son, daughter
fasu sibling

See if you can say daughter, husband, mother, and brother. We use hyphen if it helps readability.

You can add gender to other words too, for example:

 hayjor = she

Preference is for not specifying gender, it's simpler! However, in certain situations, it can be necessary for disambiguation ("do you mean your brother or your sister?").

To sum up, 

 -um = no/not
 -jor = woman
 -jal = man

That's it for grammar today! Let's move on to the next tab: Vocabulary.

The FA Cluster

We are going to dive deeper into our second cluster! Look at the list of words below.

Remember, do not try to memorize them. Just read it through attentively.

Oravia English
faibor spouse
faigel to marry
falte young
falni baby
falen child

What do you think the words that start in FAI have in common?

How about FAL, what do you think it means?

Here's a few more words related to family: | Oravia | English | |--------|---------| | famei | family | | fasu | sibling| | fare | parent | | fano | daughter, son |

You're ready for the exercise now!

Matching Games

Time to practice! Match the Oravia words with their English meanings.

If you don't remember or make a mistake, that's totally fine! We will have plenty of opportunities to practice. Right now just give it a try.

Click one word from each column to match them. The game will check automatically when you select both words.

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Matching Games

Time to practice! Match the Oravia words with their English meanings.

If you don't remember or make a mistake, that's totally fine! We will have plenty of opportunities to practice. Right now just give it a try.

Click one word from each column to match them. The game will check automatically when you select both words.

After completing the Exercises and Review, try it again to see how much you've improved.

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 5

Round 6

Review Missed Words

This section shows only the words you got wrong during practice. If you didn't miss any words, this will be empty - great job! 🎉

🎉 Lesson 4 Complete!

If you missed any words, check the Review tab to practice them again.

Come back tomorrow for Lesson 5.